Anchor



ALBERT F. EELlS, OF ROCHESTER, NEW YORK.

ANCHOR.

Specication of Letters Patent.

Patented Jan. 6, 1920.

Application led March 12, 1917. Serial No. 154,212.

To all whom t may concern:

Be it known that I, ALBERT F. EELLs, a citizen of the United States,residing at Rochester, in the county of Monroe and State of New York,have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Anchors, of whichthe following is a specification.

This invention relates to certain new and useful improvements in anchorsand it has for its objects among others to provide an anchor of greatstrength, with minimum weight, with long linkes and so constructedthatwhen dragged through the sea bottom its motion will cause the flukes tomaintain a horizontal position and to automatically assume suchposition. It has for a further object to so construct the anchorl andits flukes as to cause the same -to ycut deeper into the sea bottom. Iplace a cutting edge or cutting edges on the head connectin'gthe twoflukes and between which the shank is pivoted. I perforate the head ofthe anchor so as to offer as little resistance as possible. to thepassage of the water so as to reduce the retardation ofthe ship whenbeing driven into a heavy sea.

It has for a further object to so'construct the head and flukes as toprevent fouling by the cable being wound around it, and also to mountthe shank ofthe anchor in the head in such a manner that it can beeasily removed in case of damage to any part of the anchor, and easilyreplaced. 1 also provide sufficient space between the shank and theflukes to prevent freezing or clogging. Further I form the flukes of ashape which embodies great strength in addition to giving them atendency to always seek the horizontal position, thus insuring the deepbedding of the anchor without tendency to tilt or to be pulled or toroll out of the sea bot tom. i

On each side of the opening in which the shank is received, and at theinner sides of the cutting edges, I provide fins which serve to preventstones or gravel interfering with the free movement of the shank. e

Other objects and advantages of the invention will hereinafter appearand the novel features thereof will be particularly pointed out in theappended claims.

The invention is clearly illustrated in the accompanying drawings,which, with the numerals of reference marked thereon, form a4 part ofthis specification, and in which- Figure ,1 is a plan view of myimproved anchor, with the shank broken away. Fig. 2 is a side'elevationthereof. Fig. 3 is a rear end view.

. Fig. 4 is an end view of one of the flukes. Fig. 5 is a sideview ofthe outer end of yone of the flukes.

Fig. 6 isa detail in side elevation of the pivot-end of the shank.

- Fig. 7 is anedge view thereof.

Like numerals of reference indicate like parts throughout the severalviews.

Referring to the drawings,

1 designates the head from lwhich project the flukes 2 of considerablelength. The head 1 is provided with a plurality of openings 3, which maybe of any desired form, for the purpose of permitting the passage of thewater so as to oer the least resistance to the movement of the ship whenbeing driven into a heavy sea.

The forward side of the head is provided with webs with cutting edges 4,l which also serve to reinforce the flukes at their connection with .thehead, and between these cutting edges is an opening 5 in which isreceived the head of the `shank 6. As seen most clearly in Fig. 1, thisopening is of greater lateral dimension than that. of the shank so as toprovide suflicient space to allow of the requisite lateral movement ofthe shank and to prevent freezing or clogging at this point, and on eachside of this opening at the-inner sides of these cutting edges are thefins 7, which prevent the entrance of small particles, as stones andgravel, between said shank and the walls of the cutting edges. K

` The shank is provided withl the usual trunnionor ivot pin 8, as seenclearly in Figs. 6 and f3, which is received within the depression 9 inthe head and upon which pin the shank .turns as upon a'pivot in theusual manner.

10 vis a locking pin disposed at right angles to the pivot pin 8, asseen in Fig. 3, holding the shank inthe head and preventing displacementthereof, yet giving it the requisite freedom of movement.

The iiukes 2 are in general contour in the form of a triangle in f crosssection. At their points, upon their inner faces, they are inclinedoutwardly, as at 11, at a greater or less angle, the inner faces 12being substantially perpendicular. These flukes are oppositely beveled',as seen at 13 and 14, Fig. 4, so that, when they are forced laterally byunequal resi-stances on the inclined faces 11, due to one inclined facebeing lower in the bottom than the other, the lower fluke movinglaterally will also rise on its lower beveled face until both flukes areat the same level in the bottom, or in other words, until theresistances on the faces 11 are equal.

In use, when the anchor4 strikes the sea bottom, if one duke should bedrawn into the sea bottom deeper than the other4 it at once commences totravel in a side motion, by reason4 of the vertical face 11 offeringmore resistance, which causes it to'slide up from the .angle on theunder side of the fluke, forcing the sand upward, bringing the anchorinto a horizontal position.' N ow, if the other fluke becomes moredeeply embedded, the reverse motion takes place with the result that theanchor is again brought into its horizontal position. When this anchoris embedded in the sea bottom with one fluke deeper than the otherqand astrain is exerted on the cable sufficient to drag the anchor, the flukewhich is lowest embedded is crowded by the bevel l1 to move the anchorfrom said bevel which causes said iiuke to be crowded toward the surfaceby riding up on either the bevel 13 or 14,

' .as the case may be, until the fluke on the opposite side exerts thesame effect which direction and -the sea bottom causes the flukes to thehorizontal.

It is to be noted that the fiukes are thicker on the inner side, that isthe side nearest the shank, .than on the outer side.

Furthermore, the iukes are drawn downalways seek and retain ward deeperand deeper intothe sea bot? tom. The cutting edges not only cut into andtend to draw the anchor ddwnrbut they also afford resisting surfaces inaddition to reinforcing the con.- nection between the flukes and thehead of theanchor.

The space between the fins 7, aswell as the concavity in the head,allows -of material lateral play, as well as play in a vertical the`transverse locking pin -10 has considerable play in the direction ofthe length of the head of the anchor, thus pertheir inner faces than ontheir outer sides,

and a web extending inwardly from r,a fluke and having a cutting edge.

2. An anchor having flukes thicker on their inner sides than on theouter sides, with the vinner faces of their outer ends outwardlybeveled.

3. An anchor provided with flukes having their inner faces adjacent theends outwardly inclined, and the lateral faces 'converging.

4. Anfanchor provided with flukes having the inner faces adjacent theends outwardly inclined and the lateral faces converging, a headcarryingsaid fiukes, and a shank yloosely mounted in said head.-

An anchor comprising a head with iukes having their inner facesoutwardly inclined at their outer ends and webs having cutting edgesbetween the flukes, and a shank pivoutally mounted in the freedom ofmovement between the cutting edges both vertically and laterally.

-6. .An anchor comprising a head with iiukes and webs having cuttingedges be` tween the lukes, and a shank pivotally mounted in the head andhaving freedom of movement 'between the cutting edges both verticallyand laterally, and also longitudinally in the head.

7. An anchor having a head and flukes,

head and having l webs with cutting edges between the iiukes with anopening between the cutting edges, said head having a concavity, a shankloosely received within said opening and having a transverse member insaid concavity, and a locking member passed through the head andpermitting limited play of said transverse member.

8. Arr anchor having spaced-apart webs with cutting edges between itsflukes, with ns upon opposite sides of the opening b'e- K tween thecutting edges.

In testimony whereof I aiiiX my signature in the presence of twowitnesses.

ALBERT F. EELLs.

